07 works, Today, August 4th, is Brother William Horne's day, his story thru art #216

Vincenzo Carducci  (1576–1638)

The Martyrdom of Fathers John Rochester and James Walworth, after 1626

Oil on canvas

337.5 × 298 cm (11 × 9.7 ft)

Museo del Prado 

On August 29, 1626, King Philip IV’s painter, Vicente Carducho (ca. 1576-1638), signed a contract for the creation of a cycle of paintings to celebrate the founding of the Carthusian Order by Saint Bruno and its leading members. This colossal undertaking sought to visually narrate numerous episodes from the Carthusians’ history and tradition. 

Vincenzio Carduccio (sometimes Vicencio or Vicente Carducho; 1576/78–1638) was an Italian painter.

He was born in Florence, and was trained as a painter by his brother Bartolomeo Carduccio, whom he followed to Madrid as a boy.

He initially painted some works at Valladolid and helped his brother in painting at the Escorial for Philip II of Spain. He returned to the court of Philip III in Madrid in 1606 and helped decorate the recently rebuilt Palacio del Pardo. While at work his brother died, and Vicente took his place. He painted there a history of Achilles. When finished, he was employed for four years by the monks of the Chartreuse of el Paular to decorate their monastery with 54 canvases of historical figures the great cloister. 27 represent the live of St. Bruno, 27 of martyrs.

He worked a great deal for the subsequent monarch, Philip IV, and his best pictures are those he executed for him as decorations, now preserved in the Prado. For many years he labored in Madrid as a teacher of his art. More on Vincenzio Carduccio

Bl. William Horne was a Carthusian lay brother and martyr. A member of the London Charterhouse of the Carthusians, he was arrested for opposing the religious policies of King Henry VIII (r. 1509-1547), which included the imprisonment of Catholics and the destruction of monasteries. William was executed at Tyburn with two companions.

The Carthusian Martyrs of London were the monks of the London Charterhouse, the monastery of the Carthusian Order in central London, who were put to death by the English state in a period lasting from the 4 May 1535 till the 20 September 1537. The method of execution was hanging, disembowelling while still alive and then quartering. Others were imprisoned and left to starve to death. The group also includes two monks who were brought to that house from the Charterhouses of Beauvale and Axholme and similarly dealt with. The total was 18 men, all of whom have been formally recognized by the Catholic Church as martyrs.

Unknown artist

London Charter house

I have no further description of this artwork at this time

Hans Holbein, (1497/1498–1543)

Henry VIII of England, circa 1537

Oil on panel

Height: 28 cm (11 in); Width: 20 cm (7.8 in)

Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid, Spain

Hans Holbein  (1497/1498–1543), see below

Michel Sittow, Netherlandish, ca. 1468 - 1525 or 1526

Catherine of Aragon as the Magdalene, between 15th and 16th century

Oil on oak panel

Image: 12 1/16 × 9 7/16 inches (30.7 × 24 cm)

Detroit Institute of Arts

Michael Sittow (c. 1469 – 1525), also known as Master Michiel, Michel Sittow, Michiel, Miguel and many other variants, was a painter from Estonia who was trained in the tradition of Early Netherlandish painting. For most of his life, Sittow worked as a court portrait painter, for Isabella of Castille, the Habsburgs and others in Spain and the Netherlands. He was one of the most important Flemish painters of the era.

At first Michel Sittow studied painting and sculpture in his father's workshop, while attending the city school. After his father's death in 1482, Michel continued his studies in Bruges from 1484 to 1488. 

From 1492 Sittow worked in Toledo as court painter. Sittow was the highest-paid painter in the queen's court,

Officially Sittow worked for Isabella of Castille, until her death in 1504. 

In 1507 Michael Sittow joined the Guild of Kanut, the local painters' guild and married in 1508. Despite being a renowned master in Europe, Sittow was accepted only as a journeyman and was required to paint a masterpiece before becoming a full master craftsman in the guild. Sittow completed various local orders and worked for the St. Peter's Church in Siuntio, Finland.

In 1515 Sittow was again in Spain, this time to claim outstanding debts incurred by Isabella of Castile.

Sittow worked for Ferdinand II of Aragon, followed in 1516 by the Spanish King Carlos I, the future Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. When Charles V abdicated from power he took Sittow's wooden sculpture of the Virgin and three paintings with him to his retirement in the monastery of Yuste.

In 1523, Sittow became the guild-master of the Guild of Kanut. Michael Sittow died of the plague in Reval in 1525. More on Michael Sittow

Unknown artist

Anne Boleyn

Late 16th-century copy of a lost original of c. 1533-1536

Oil on panel 

Height: 54.3 cm (21.3 in) Width: 41.6 cm (16.3 in) 

National Portrait Gallery

At the outset of the "King's Great Matter," (the euphemism given to King Henry VIII's decision to divorce Catherine of Aragon, marry Anne Boleyn and break legal ties with the Pope) the government was anxious to secure the public acquiescence of the Carthusian monks, since they enjoyed great prestige for the austerity and sincerity of their way of life. When this attempt failed, the only alternative was to annihilate the resistance, since their refusal put the prestige of the monks in opposition to the king's will. This took the form of a long process of attrition.

On 4 May 1535 the authorities sent to their death at Tyburn, London three leading English Carthusians.

Little more than a month later, it was the turn of three leading monks of the London house.

The next move was to seize four more monks of the community.

On 18 May 1537 the twenty hermits and eighteen lay brothers remaining in the London Charterhouse were required to take the Oath of Supremacy. Twelve refused.

Vincenzo Carducci, (1576–1638)

The Martyrdom of the Priors of the English Charterhouses of London Nottingham and Axholme, between 1626 and 1632

Oil on canvas

Height: 337 cm (11 ft) Width: 298 cm (117.3 in) Edit this at Wikidata

Museo del Prado  

Vincenzo Carducci, See above

Those refusing the oath were all sent on 29 May to Newgate Prison, and treated as had been their fellow Carthusians in June 1535. They were chained standing and with their hands tied behind them to posts in the prison. This time, however, no further proceeding was foreseen and they were simply left to die of starvation. Seven died in that manner.

Hans Holbein, (1497/1498–1543) 

Thomas Cromwell, c. 1532–1533

Oil on oak panel

Height: 78.4 cm (30.8 in); Width: 64.5 cm (25.3 in)

The Frick Collection, New York

Hans Holbein the Younger (German: Hans Holbein der Jüngere; c. 1497 – between 7 October and 29 November 1543) was one of the most accomplished portraitists of the 16th century. He spent two periods of his life in England (1526-8 and 1532-43), portraying the nobility of the Tudor court. Holbein's famous portrait of Henry VIII (London, National Portrait Gallery) dates from the second of these periods. 'The Ambassadors', also from this period, depicts two visitors to the court of Henry VIII. 'Christina of Denmark' is a portrait of a potential wife for the king.

 

Holbein was born in Augsburg in southern Germany in the winter of 1497-8. He was taught by his father, Hans Holbein the Elder. He became a member of the Basel artists' guild in 1519. He travelled a great deal, and is recorded in Lucerne, northern Italy and France. In these years he produced woodcuts and fresco designs as well as panel paintings. With the spread of the Reformation in Northern Europe the demand for religious images declined and artists sought alternative work. Holbein first travelled to England in 1526 with a recommendation to Thomas More from the scholar Erasmus. In 1532 he settled in England, dying of the plague in London in 1543.

 

Holbein was a highly versatile and technically accomplished artist who worked in different media. He also designed jewellery and metalwork. More on Hans Holbein

The King and his Council had decided upon a change of plan which entailed bringing the survivors to execution and that Thomas Cromwell gave orders that those still living were to be given food so as to keep them alive. At any rate, the hermit, Dom Richard Bere, did not die till 9 August, and Dom Thomas Johnson not until 20 September.

Brother William Horne was kept alive. Refusing to abandon his religious habit, he was not attainted till 1540, when he was hanged, disembowelled, and quartered at Tyburn on August 4, 1540 along with five other Catholics. More on Brother William Horne and the Carthusian Martyrs

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