Marco d'Aviano in contemplation of the Crucifix, c. 1699
Padua, Capuchin Convent
Allegory of Venice's victory in the Sixth Venetian-Ottoman war (1684–99)
The Gennadius Library - The American School of Classical Studies at Athens
Jacob Balthasar Peeters, also known as Jacob Peeters or Jacobus Peeters (c. 1655 – after 1721) was a Flemish painter who specialized in architectural paintings depicting imaginary Renaissance and Baroque palaces populated with elegant figures wearing exotic clothes and headgear and shown in theatrical, stage-like postures. Peeters also painted realistic interiors of existing churches with staffage.
Very little is known about the life and career of Jacob Balthasar Peeters. It is believed he was born in Antwerp around 1655. A Jacobus Peeters is mentioned as a pupil in the guild year 1675-76. In 1688-1689 Peeters became a master in the Guild.
As was common practice in Antwerp artistic practice of that period, Peeters collaborated with other artists. A pair of paintings depicting constitute a collaborative effort of Peeters and Hendrik van Minderhout. Van Minderhout was a Dutch painter active in Antwerp who often contributed the figures to works by local landscape and perspective painters. More on Jacob Balthasar Peeters
Born in Aviano, a small community in the Republic of Venice. At 16 he tried to reach the island of Crete, where the Venetians were at war with the Ottoman Turks, in order to preach the Gospel and convert the Muslims to Christianity. On his way, he sought asylum at a Capuchin convent in Capodistria, where he was welcomed by the Superior, who knew his family, and who, after providing him with food and rest, advised him to return home.
Inspired by his encounter with the Capuchins, he felt that God was calling on him to enter their Order. In 1649, he professed his vows and took his father's name, becoming Fra' Marco d'Aviano. On 18 September 1655 he was ordained a priest in Chioggia. His ministry entered a new phase in 1664, when he received a licence to preach throughout the Republic of Venice and other Italian states, particularly during Advent and Lent. He was elected Superior of the convents of Belluno in 1672, and Oderzo in 1674.
His life took an unexpected turn in 1676, when he gave his blessing to a nun, bedridden for some 13 years: she was miraculously healed. The news spread far and wide, and it was not long before the sick, and many others from all social strata, began to seek him out.
Benjamin von Block
Kaiser Leopold I (1640-1705) in armor with general staff, c. 1672
Oil on canvas
Height: 139 cm (54.7 in); Width: 110 cm (43.3 in)
Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria
Benjamin Block or Blok (1631–1690) was a seventeenth-century German-Hungarian Baroque painter who married the flower painter Anna Katharina Block.
Block was born into an artistic family in Lübeck. In 1653 he was registered in Halle, Belgium, probably en route to Italy, and in 1655, through one of his brothers, who was a canon in Vienna at the time, he met Ferenc Nádasdy III who invited him to produce art in Hungary. He is registered in Hungary from 1656 to 1659.
After working as a portrait painter in Siena, Florence and Venice, in 1664 Block crossed the alps back to his native Germany, and settled in Nuremberg. There he made portraits for the margraves of Ansbach and the Vienna court until 1670. He was knighted by Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor in 1684.
His wife remained a painter after her marriage, and along with their parents, this duo is mentioned in the artist biographies of Joachim von Sandrart and Arnold Houbraken. He died in Regensburg in 1690. More on Benjamin von Block
Among those who sought his help was Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, whose wife had been unable to conceive a male heir. From 1680 to the end of his life, Marco d'Aviano became a close confidant and adviser to him, providing the irresolute and often indecisive emperor with guidance and advice for all problems, political, economic, military or spiritual.
Josef von Brandt
Fighting for the Turkish Banner, c. 1905
Oil on Canvas.
National Museum of Krakow
Józef Brandt (1841 in Szczebrzeszyn – 1915 in Radom) was a Polish painter, a representative of the Munich School, best known for his paintings of battles.
Brandt studied in Warsaw in the school of J.N. Leszczynski and at the Noblemen's Institute. In 1858 he left for Paris to study at the Ecole centrale Paris but was persuaded by Juliusz Kossak to abandon engineering in favor of painting. He studied as a painter in Munich under Franz Adam and Karl Piloty and then opened his own studio.
His paintings mostly study 17th-century military life, though he has also made some studies of Polish peasant life.
In 1893, Brandt was awarded the Order of Isabella the Catholic, and in 1898, he became the recipient of the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art. More on Józef Brandt
As the danger of war with the Ottoman Turks grew near, Marco d'Aviano was appointed by Pope Innocent XI as his personal envoy to the Emperor.
Jacob Ferdinand Voet, (1639–1700)
Pope Innocenzo XI, between 1670 and 1680
Ol on canvas
Height: 72.5 cm (28.5 in); Width: 59 cm (23.2 in)
Private collection
Jacob Ferdinand Voet (c. 1639 – 26 September 1689) was a Flemish portrait painter. He had an international career, which brought him to Italy and France where he made portraits for an elite clientele. Voet is regarded as one of the best and most fashionable portrait painters of the Late Baroque.
Voet was born in Antwerp as the son of the painter Elias Voet. He travelled to Rome where he resided from 1663 to 1680. Voet became a member of the Bentvueghels, an association of mainly Dutch and Flemish artists active in Rome.
In 1671-1672 Voet received a commission from Cardinal Chigi to paint portraits of a young woman who were prominent in Roman society. He created a first series of 37 portraits of the most enchanting women of Rome (‘Galleria delle Belle’ This started a rage for portraits of young women in Rome and abroad.
He was banned from the city by Pope Innocent XI who was scandalized by Voet's portraits of women portrayed with unseemly décolleté. He left Rome to Milan in 1680. He was in Florence in 1681. Subsequently he resided in Turin from 1682 to 1684. He returned to Antwerp in 1684. He left his hometown for Paris at some time between 1684 and 1686, and died there in 1689. More on Jacob Ferdinand Voet
He played a crucial role in resolving disputes, restoring unity, and energizing the armies of the Holy League, which included Austria, Poland, Venice, and the Papal States under the leadership of the Polish king Jan III Sobieski.
Marcello Bacciarelli
Relief of Vienna/ Polish king Jan III Sobieski
Oil on canvas
Zamek Krolewski w Warszawie (Royal Castle - Warsaw)
Marcello Bacciarelli (16 February 1731 – 5 January 1818) was a Polish-Italian painter of the late-baroque and Neoclassic periods.
He was born in Rome, and studied there under Marco Benefial. In 1750 he was recruited to Dresden in Saxony, where he was employed by Elected King Augustus III of Poland. After the death of King Augustus, Marcello went to Vienna, and thence to Warsaw. In Dresden, he met Bernardo Bellotto and worked with this Italian painter throughout his life. He was recruited by King Stanisław II Augustus in 1768 to become the Director of the newly founded Academy of Arts of Warsaw, as well as director of the Royal Buildings and Estates.
Marcello painted portraits of the imperial family. In Warsaw, he painted a set of portraits depicting nearly all Polish kings. He also made a portrait of Izabela Lubomirska in her wedding gown, that she commissioned years later after her marriage. Bacciarelli was also keen in painting culturally significant scenes from the history of Poland. Following the partitions of Poland and after Napoleon's rise to power he moved to the Duchy of Warsaw, a client state of the First French Empire and died in 1818. More on Marcello Bacciarelli
In the decisive Battle of Vienna (1683), the Holy League succeeded in inflicting a defeat on the invading Ottoman Turks. This marked the end of the last Turkish attempt to expand their power in Europe. This may therefore be considered one of the decisive battles of history. It also put an end to the period of Ottoman revival under the Koprulu Grand Vizirs and their protégé and successor, Kara Mustapha, who was in command of the Ottoman army at Vienna.
Gyula Benczúr, (1844–1920)
Reoccupation of Buda castel en 1686
Oil on canvas
Hungarian National Gallery, Budapest
Charles V duke of Lorraine (on horseback on the left) and Eugene prince of Savoy (on horseback on the right).
Gyula Benczúr (28 January 1844, Nyíregyháza - 16 July 1920, Szécsény) was a Hungarian painter and art teacher. He specialized in portraits and historical scenes.
He displayed an early talent for drawing. He began his studies in 1861. From 1865 to 1869, he studied with Karl von Piloty.
He achieved international success in 1870 when he won the Hungarian national competition for historical painting with his depiction of King Stephen's baptism. He then assisted Piloty with the frescoes at the Maximilianeum and the Rathaus in Munich and illustrated books by the great German writer, Friedrich Schiller. King Ludwig II of Bavaria gave him several commissions.
He was named a Professor at the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich, in 1875. In 1883, he returned to Hungary, where he continued to be an art teacher. He also created some religious works; notably altarpieces for St. Stephen's Basilica and Buda Castle.
He was an honorary member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Streets have been named after him in. More on Gyula Benczúr
From 1683 to 1689 Marco participated in the military campaigns, playing a crucial role in promoting good relations within the Imperial army and encouraging the soldiers. He was present at the liberation of Buda in 1686 and at the siege of Belgrade in 1688.
Unknown artist
Battles in Belgrade on September 6, 1688 under Eugene of Savoy - Expulsion of the Turks, 1688
COLORED COPPERPLATE
56 x 66 cm
MILITARY MUSEUM IN BELGRADE
He always maintained a strictly religious spirit, to which any violence and cruelty were repugnant. As a result, at the siege of Belgrade several hundred Muslim soldiers successfully appealed to him personally, in order to avoid being massacred upon capture.
Unknown artist
Siege and relief of the city of Vienna in September 1683
Army History Museum Vienna
Juliusz Kossak, (1824–1899)
Battle of Vienna, c. 1882
Watercolor
Height: 56 cm (22 in) Width: 94.5 cm (37.2 in)
National Museum in Warsaw
Juliusz Fortunat Kossak (Nowy Wiśnicz, 15 December 1824 – 3 February 1899, Kraków) was a Polish historical painter and master illustrator who specialized in battle scenes, military portraits and horses.
Kossak grew up during the military partitions of Poland. He obtained a degree in law at the Lwów University. At the same time he studied painting. Beginning in 1844 Kossak worked on commissions for the local aristocracy. In 1855 he left for Paris where he spent five years. He returned to Warsaw in 1860 where he obtained a position as the head illustrator and engraver for Tygodnik Illustrowany magazine. He moved to Munich for a year and in 1868 settled in Kraków.
In 1880 he was awarded the Cross of Order of Merit by Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria–Hungary for his lifetime achievements as an artist. More on Juliusz Fortunat Kossak
Marco d' Aviano died of cancer on August 13, 1699 in Vienna. He is buried in the Kapuzinerkirche, in whose vault the Habsburg emperors are buried. More on Marco d'Aviano
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