03 Works, Today, April 5th, is St. Vincent Ferrer's day, With Footnotes - #93

 Juan Carreño de Miranda

Saint Vincent Ferrer

Juan Carreño de Miranda, (born March 25, 1614, Avilés, Asturias, Spain—died Oct. 3, 1685, Madrid), is considered the most important Spanish court painter of the Baroque period after Diego Velázquez. Influenced and overshadowed both by Velázquez and Sir Anthony Van Dyck, he was nonetheless a highly original and sensitive artist in his own right.

Although he is known primarily as a portraitist, he also painted many religious works in oil and fresco that reveal a unique Baroque sensibility. Following the tradition of Velázquez’ court portraits, he painted many pictures of the queen mother, Mariana of Austria, and traced in oil the decline of Charles II from a handsome child to a decrepit old man. Even the most repellent portraits of Charles possess the aristocratic elegance that characterize Carreño’s paintings. More on Juan Carreño de Miranda

St. Vincent Ferrer, (born c. 1350, Valencia, Aragon—died April 5, 1419, Vannes, France; canonized 1455; feast day April 5), Aragonese friar and renowned preacher who helped to end the Great Western Schism.

Giovanni Bellini, (circa 1430 –1516)

Altarpiece of St. Vincent Ferrer, and Jesus, Saint Christopher, Saint Sebastian, Virgin Mary, c. between 1464 and 1468

Tempera on panel

Height: 36 cm (14.1 in); Width: 60 cm (23.6 in)

Santi Giovanni e Paolo,  Castello sestiere of Venice, Italy.

Giovanni Bellini (c. 1430 – 26 November 1516) was an Italian Renaissance painter, probably the best known of the Bellini family of Venetian painters. His father was Jacopo Bellini, his brother was Gentile Bellini (who was more highly regarded than Giovanni during his lifetime, although the reverse is true today), and his brother-in-law was Andrea Mantegna. He was considered to have revolutionized Venetian painting, moving it towards a more sensuous and colouristic style. Through the use of clear, slow-drying oil paints, Giovanni created deep, rich tints and detailed shadings. His sumptuous coloring and fluent, atmospheric landscapes had a great effect on the Venetian painting school, especially on his pupils Giorgione and Titian. More on Giovanni Bellini

In 1367 he entered the Dominican order at Valencia, where he became professor of theology. In 1394 the antipope Benedict XIII made him his confessor and theologian to his court at Avignon, but five years later Vincent resigned to undertake missions. Travelling through Burgundy, southern France, Switzerland, northern Italy, and Spain, he attracted crowds everywhere and had notable success in winning Jewish converts. He was known for his religious poverty and austerity, including perpetual fasting, and was believed to have the gift of miracles.

Alonso Cano, (1601–1667)

St. Vincent Ferrer Preaching, between 1644 and 1645

Oil on canvas

Height: 2,140 mm (84.25 in); Width: 1,640 mm (64.56 in)

Fundación Banco Santander, Madrid

Alonzo Cano or Alonso Cano (19 March 1601 – 3 September 1667) was a Spanish painter, architect and sculptor born in Granada. He learned architecture from his father, Miguel Cano; painting in the academy of Juan del Castillo, and from Francisco Pacheco the teacher of Velázquez; and sculpture from Juan Martínez Montañés. As a sculptor, his most famous works are the Madonna and Child in the church of Lebrija.

He was made first royal architect, painter to Philip IV, and instructor to the prince, Balthasar Charles, Prince of Asturias. The King gave him the church preferment of a canon of the Granada Cathedral, in order to take up a position as chief architect of the cathedral, where his main achievement in architecture was the façade, designed at the end of his life.

After the death of his wife he took Holy Orders. More on Alonzo Cano

In an effort to end the schism, he had tried twice to persuade Benedict to relinquish his papal claim. In 1412 he was one of nine judges who elected Ferdinand I king of Aragon, and he persuaded Ferdinand to cease supporting Benedict, thus helping to end the schism. He lived to see the election of Pope Martin V in November 1417, whereby the Great Western Schism was officially ended. The last two years of his life were devoted to preaching in northern France. More on Vincent Ferrer

St. Vincent Ferrer earned the title of “Angel of the Apocalypse” preaching the Gospel powerfully and persuasively, often on the Final Judgment and the coming of the Antichrist. Even Pius II’s Bull of Canonization called St. Vincent Ferrer “the Angel of the Apocalypse, flying through the heavens to announce the day of the Last Judgment, to evangelize the inhabitants of the earth.”

The Western Schism was a split within the Catholic Church lasting from 1378 to 1417 in which two men (by 1410 three) simultaneously claimed to be the true pope, and each excommunicated one another. Driven by authoritative politics rather than any theological disagreement, the schism was ended by the Council of Constance (1414–1418). For a time these rival claims to the papal throne damaged the reputation of the office. More on The Western Schism

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