Licinio, Bernardino
The Martyrs of Marrakesch, Franciscan friars, c. 1524
Oil on canvas
Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari, San Polo, Venice, Italy
Bernardino Licinio; Born: 1489 - Death: 1549. Licinio was a painter during the Italian High Renaissance, creating portraits and religious works. He was born in Bergamo in the town of Lombardy. It is said that he may have trained in the studio of Giovanni Bellini (1430 -1516), a prominent Venetian painter of the Bellini family. Licinio stayed close to the artistic developments of the Venetian school of painting.
Licinio’s earlier painting style was much in the vein of other prominent High Renaissance artists of Venice. Giorgione was also said to have trained under Giovanni Bellini’s workshop.
His later works took much more to the style of Titian (1485 – 1576), a leading Venetian painter of Italy’s Renaissance. These religious works give a highly symmetrical positioning of saints surrounding the Virgin Mary and Child. More on Bernardino Licinio
Saint Daniel and Companions (died October 10, 1227) are venerated as martyrs by the Catholic Church. They were Friars Minor killed at Ceuta.
Jean-Léon Gérôme, (1824–1904)
Prayer in Cairo, c. 1865
Oil on panel
Height: 50 cm (19.6 in); Width: 81 cm (31.8 in)
Kunsthalle, Hamburg
Jean-Léon Gérôme (11 May 1824 – 10 January 1904) was a French painter and sculptor in the style now known as Academicism. The range of his oeuvre included historical painting, Greek mythology, Orientalism, portraits and other subjects, bringing the Academic painting tradition to an artistic climax. He is considered one of the most important painters from this academic period, and in addition to being a painter, he was also a teacher with a long list of students. More on Jean-Léon Gérôme
The martyrdom of St. Berard and his companions in 1219 had inflamed many of the religious of the Order of Friars Minor with the desire of preaching the Gospel in non-Christian lands; and in 1227, the year following St. Francis's death, six religious of Tuscany, Agnellus, Samuel, Donulus, Leo, Hugolinus, and Nicholas, petitioned Brother Elias of Cortona, then vicar-general of the Order, for permission to preach the Gospel to the Muslims of the Maghreb.
Unknown artist
Saint Daniel and Companions
The six missionaries went first to Spain, where they were joined by Daniel, Minister Provincial of Calabria, who became their superior. They set sail from Spain and on 20 September reached the coast of Africa, landing at Ceuta. Saint Daniel and Companions resolved to preach in that large city.
Wyck, Thomas (1616-77)
Middle East Trading in a Mediterranean Port, c. circa 1640
Medium oil on canvas
Oil on canvas
Height: 81 cm (31.8 in); Width: 100 cm (39.3 in)
Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest
Thomas Wijck (also Thomas Wijk, or Thomas Wyck; 1616–1677) was a Dutch painter of port views and genre paintings.
Wijck was born into an artist family and received his training from his father. He journeyed to Italy, presumably by 1640, the year in which a ‘Tommaso fiammingo, pittore’ (Thomas the Fleming, painter) is documented as residing in Rome in the Via della Fontanella. Although this evidence of his residence in Rome around this time has been questioned, a number of his pictures depict scenes in and around Rome which would indicate a visit to the city at some point. He also resided in the environs of Naples, where he executed many sketches which he subsequently worked up into drawings of coast views.
In 1642 Wijck returned to the northern Netherlands, where he became a member of the Haarlem Guild of St. Luke. In 1660 he was appointed Dean of the Haarlem Guild.
He went to England about the time of the Restoration and was much employed. He was followed there by his son and pupil Jan Wyck, who remained in Britain for the rest of his career and played an important role in the development of English sporting painting. Thomas Wyck was also the teacher of the Haarlem painter Jan van der Vaart, who later also immigrated to England.
He died in Haarlem in August 1677. More on Thomas Wijck
Before entering the city proper, they learned from Christian merchants that a strict order prohibited entrance to all Christians.
Braun and Hogenberg
Ceuta, called Seupta by the Portuguese
I have no further description, at this time
They remained for a few days in a small village inhabited mostly by Christian merchants just beyond the walls of the Saracen city of Ceuta.
Eugène Delacroix, (1798–1863)
They were soon apprehended and brought before the sultan
Moulay Abd-er-Rahman, Sultan of Morocco, leaving his palace in Meknes, surrounded by his guard and his main officers, c. 1845
Oil on canvas
Height: 377 cm (12.3 ft); Width: 340 cm (11.1 ft)
Musée des Augustins, Toulouse, France
Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix (26 April 1798 – 13 August 1863) was a French Romantic artist regarded from the outset of his career as the leader of the French Romantic school.
As a painter and muralist, Delacroix's use of expressive brushstrokes and his study of the optical effects of colour profoundly shaped the work of the Impressionists, while his passion for the exotic inspired the artists of the Symbolist movement. A fine lithographer, Delacroix illustrated various works of William Shakespeare, the Scottish author Walter Scott and the German author Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.
Delacroix took for his inspiration the art of Rubens and painters of the Venetian Renaissance, with an attendant emphasis on colour and movement rather than clarity of outline and carefully modelled form. Dramatic and romantic content characterized the central themes of his maturity, and led him not to the classical models of Greek and Roman art, but to travel in North Africa, in search of the exotic. Friend and spiritual heir to Théodore Géricault, Delacroix was also inspired by Lord Byron, with whom he shared a strong identification with the "forces of the sublime", of nature in often violent action.
However, Delacroix was given to neither sentimentality nor bombast, and his Romanticism was that of an individualist. In the words of Baudelaire, "Delacroix was passionately in love with passion, but coldly determined to express passion as clearly as possible." More on Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix
Finally, very early on Sunday morning, they entered the city, and immediately began to preach the Gospel and to denounce Islam. They were soon apprehended and brought before the sultan who, thinking that they were mad, ordered them to be cast into prison. Here they remained until the following Sunday when they were again brought before the sultan, who, by promises and threats, endeavored in vain to make them deny the Christian religion.
They were all condemned to death. Each one approached Daniel, the superior, to ask his blessing and permission to die for Christ. They were all beheaded.
Lorenzetti, Ambrogio (1290-1348)
Martyrdom-of-the-franciscans, c. 1330
Fresco
I have no further description, at this time
It is not known who Ambrogio’s teacher was, but his early works indicate that he early received his main inspiration from the art of Duccio, his brother Pietro, and Giotto. Already his representations reveal a realistic individualism and an intense preoccupation with significant composition and form. His desire to depict spatial depth convincingly led him to an increasingly accurate rendering of space in his paintings and almost to one-point perspective in his last work, the Annunciation. With his profound interest in perspective and in Classical antiquity, Ambrogio anticipated the Renaissance.
The art of the Lorenzettis was widely imitated in Siena during the third quarter of the 14th century, and many works by close followers are still commonly attributed to one or the other brother. More on Ambrogio Lorenzetti
Unknown artist
Martyrdom of Saint Daniel Fasanella and companion martyrs, c. 18C
Oil on canvas
Terni, Umbria , Italy
I have no further description, at this time
Sebastiano Santi
The transport of the body of St. DanielFrescoes of the ceiling
Church of Daniel of Padua in Padua
Sebastiano Santi (1788–1866) was an Italian painter, active both in oil and frescoes.
He was born in Murano and trained at the Academy of Fine Arts of Venice under Teodoro Matteini. His works are to be found in the Venetian churches. He painted the nave ceiling frescoes for the church of San Daniele, Padua.
We owe him the decoration of many churches in Veneto and Friuli, in particular the ceiling of the Church of Saint Daniel of Padua , where he produced three frescoes. Other works can be found in 'Church of San Michele Arcangelo in Cervignano del Friuli , Church of Santo Stefano in Ruda , Ognissanti Cathedral in Arzignano , Church of Santa Maria Santa Maria Nascente in Artegna , Church of Sant'Ulderico from Pavia di Udine , the church of SS. Biagio e Daniele from Grantorto, the Church of San Giovanni de Bessica. More on Sebastiano Santi
St. Daniel and his companions were canonized by Leo X in 1516.
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